And Stradlater started getting mad and saying "no wonder you're flunking the hell out of here," or "you don't do ne dame thing the way you're supposed to." a. The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. Its possible that Salingers character in this case, Holden- is expressed in his own works: some literary critics insist that the author is very controversial, and his novels are not simple. The Modernist period is a time of the late XIXth and XXth centuries that was marked by the work of the great writer that activated during this period. Where is Holden as he narrates the story? Words in languages have some definite relation characteristic only to the given language. Holden has just left his parents' apartment, following his conversation with Phoebe, and he is reaching a point of critical instability, is having just burst into tears when Phoebe lent him her Christmas money. The ability to distinguish senses by collocation is an invaluable asset to a translator working from a foreign language. Holden is terrified by the unpredictable challenges of the worldhe hates conflict, he is confused by Allie's senseless death, and he fears interaction with other people. Salinger is not only a deeply national, original writer but also a modern writer. ; his preference for the first person narrative; his attitudes towards sex, war, phony world, materialism and false values; his constant references to music and songs, to the movie industry, to movie stars and to famous movies; his penchant for constantly making references in his literary creations to writers, to literary works and classic characters; his preference for creating stories around the brother-sister relationship, but also around the idea of family and the relationships between family members; his love for children and the innocence they stand for; his multitude of representative names and characters and his preference for dialogue and replies; his tendency to use real and historical data or to introduce in his fiction real. Louis Menand agrees, writing in The New Yorker that Salinger "stopped writing stories, in the conventional sense. He seemed to lose interest in fiction as an art formperhaps he thought there was something manipulative or inauthentic about literary device and authorial control." He "[tore the composition up and [threw] it away angrily. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. It is characteristic to English language the availability of words with wide spread meaning. What are some of the things Holden tells Stradlater about her? In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. One detail he says is "The best thing, though, in that museum was that everything always stayed right where it was. Colloquialism is a lexical item used in informal speech; whilst the broadest sense of the term colloquialism might include slangism, its narrow sense does not. Other metaphors are occasionally constructed in individual speech. The second is represented by the analysis of a modernist novel written by J. D. Salinger The Cather in the Ray in which would be treated the points such as lexical pecularities and translation difficulties used by the author. Free trial is available to new customers only. It took the standards of The New Yorker editors, among them William Shawn, to refine his writing into the "spare, teasingly mysterious, withheld" qualities of "A Perfect Day for Banana fish", The Catcher in the Rye, and his stories of the early 1950s. What did Holden write Stradlater's composition about *? Just got back from New York with fencing team and because he was on his way to say goodbye to Mr.Spencer. Experience, he asserts, is largely determined by the language habits of the community, and each separate structure represents a separate reality: No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary; http://lobeckta.tripod.com/carnavaldebinche/id7.html; Roderick A. Jacobs, English Syntax, A Grammar for English Language Professionals, Oxford University Press 1995; Salinger J. D. , The Catcher in the Ray, Penguin Book/Group 1958; Thesaurus of American Slang. Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. The writer also used this stylistic devise like comparison in order to give a clear description of Ackley through the next comparison dirty as hell( J.D.Salinger:19)and the author pointed out that there are people that dont look very good as using the rules that are taken in society for a good looking. "Anyway, that's what I wrote Stradlater's composition about. He likes it when things are very simple and easily understandable. These mistakes are caused not only by difference in their semantic structure but by the difference of their usage as well which demand lexical changes. Salinger used his teenage years as reference in creating Holden. The characters in J.D. Intra-lingual translation or rewording (an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs in the same language). These differences are related to peculiar features of separate words or word groups. One problem which will arise in translation is the translating of the third-person pronoun from Persian as a source text- into English as a target text. Raised in Manhattan, New York, Salinger began writing short stories while in secondary school, and published several stories in the early 1940s before serving in World War II. Along with traditional combinations in languages unexpected combinations are also possible, but they are quite clear, for they follow generally accepted semantic models of word combinability. This is a shift from an epistemological aesthetic to an ontological aesthetic or, in simpler terms, a shift from a knowledge-based aesthetic to a being-based aesthetic. What is their relationship? I need at least one quote for support. We see his silent contempt for adults, which are evidenced by the silent ridiculing and cursing of Spencer that Holden hides beneath his nodding, compliant veneer. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. To this I can also add the already discussed idea that even native speakers can get more meanings from a ST and its translation than by simply reading the ST in original. Phoniness, which is probably the most famous phrase from The Catcher in the Rye, is one of Holden's favorite concepts. My Afterwards, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater." He later gets into a fight with Stradlater over a crush . This is not possible. The straightforward approach to his novel caused a hurricane of controversy in America. He is also mad because he knows that it is impossible to keep from kids getting their innocence taken away. All authors agree that dictionaries are not always reliable tools in this sense. ?>. The term translators false friends (les faux amis) was introduced by the French theorists of translation M. Koessler and J. Derocquigny in 1928. The examples for this type of translation difficulties could be seen from the first page of the novel where the author uses all the meanings of the word hell such as: This word is one of the first words that is used with a lot of meanings and that is one of the type of translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye. Even so, Holden desperately continues searching for new relationships, always undoing himself only at the last moment. One of those little English jobs that can do around two hundred miles an hour. He stands up for Harley and Maddi and against protagonists like Nathan throughout the novel. Finding a good equivalence is an important job which the translator should care about it. He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. eNotes Editorial, 22 Dec. 2012, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-did-holden-decide-write-about-stradlaters-311210. He uses letters and phone calls and he connect different ideas, like innocence and adolescence with the Hollywoods corruption. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or house, as Stradlater had asked him. This brief passage occurs in Chapter 3, after Holden has returned to his dorm room and is being pestered by Ackley. 52) The red hunting hat is inseparable from the image of Holden Caufield, with good reason. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. Selma is the Headmaster's daughter. The first chapter deals with J. D. Salingers place in world literature, the most important influences on his writing style, the cultural and historical background behind his literary works and how they influenced and were reflected in his literary creations. "Allie has written poetry all over the glove so he has something to read when he gets bored in the outfield. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. In Chapter 22, just before he reveals his fantasy of the catcher in the rye, Holden explains that adults are inevitably phonies, and, what's worse, they can't see their own phoniness. When rendering stylistic meaning of the source text a translator should be guided by the same principle to recreate in translation the same impression that might be left by the original text. At the same time, he is very self-conscious about the hathe always mentions when he is wearing it, and he often doesn't wear it if he is going to be around people he knows. In this chapter also will be exemplifies that Salingers fiction followed a chronological evolution, that there has been a well defined process of creating certain typical characters and that his characters evolved from the early prototypes in his short stories to the fully developed characters in his mature works, or even disappeared for good from his literary creations in a few cases. can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing The Catcher in the Rye is a work written by J. D. Salinger that from different points of view combine some types of translation difficulties. Lexical cohesion is a relation that exists between or among specific elements of different sentences in a text and is achieved through the vocabulary. The fact that a novel of such radical social opinion and observation was written in a time of conservatism in America made it all the more controversial. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. Nobodys move. After he finishes the composition for Stradlater, he stares out the window and listens to Ackley snore in the next room. Another fight with Stradlater Feb 13, 2023 - Feb 14, 2023 Salinger seems to be almost identical to Holden in the story. The semantic structure of a word predefines the possibility of its contextual use, and the translation of contextual meaning presents a hard task to translators. The way a language chooses to express, or not express, various meanings cannot be predicted and only occasionally matches the way another language chooses to express the same meanings. number: 206095338, E-mail us: Holden's isolation is expressed in the fact that while Stradlater goes out on a date, Holden is all alone in his dorm room, doing homework for his roommate. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. It wouldnt come off. He is a nonconformist. Holden was very fond of his brother and discusses his reaction to Allies death. While the young protagonists of Salinger's stories (such as Holden Caulfield) have made him a longtime favorite of high school and university audiences, establishing Salinger as "the spokesman for the goals and values for a generation of youth during the 1950's" (qtd. In the book there are many cases of Holden Caulfield trying to resist growing. His depiction of adolescent alienation and loss of innocence in the protagonist Holden Caulfield was influential, especially among adolescent readers. Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? Purchasing In the preparatory phase of a translation, cognition, in the form of self-consciousness and self-confidence, plays a very important role, inasmuch as this period implies conscious mental activities, where translating problems are detected and analyzed, and information and knowledge are accumulated. The success of The Catcher in the Rye led to public attention and scrutiny: Salinger became reclusive, publishing new work less frequently. The Romanian translation is obviously courageous in the choice of words, modem in the choice of vocabulary and linguistic register. Some topics of The Catcher in the Rye were taboos (like drugs, sex or prostitution). Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. (Chapter 12, pg. Holden and Stradlater make there way down to a bathroom because Stradlater needs to shave. Language, then, is the heart within the bodies of culture, and it is the interaction between the two that results in the continuation of life-energy. Identical stylistic devices are used differently in languages; they perform different functions and have different value in stylistic system of their language what actually explains their necessity when transformations in translation occur. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. Latest answer posted March 19, 2020 at 11:46:52 PM. Salinger. Holden says he fought on D Day. This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and. The conversation in which Mr. Antolini speaks these words takes place in Chapter 24. But it can also be said that a more diversified way of translating the same linguistic structures may indicate a better adaptation to the TL, although the psychological effect on the readers of Holdens linguistic repetitions is not as strong as in the ST. An important lexical pecularity single out in Salingers writing is the metaphor and in the same time which is one of the main stylistic device used in The Catcher in the Rye. The unexpectedness of word usage is closely connected with expressiveness of the statement. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. If you had a million years to do it in, you couldnt rub out even half the Fuck you signs in the world. The red hunting hat is one of the most recognizable symbols from twentieth-century American literature. He had lost his athletic scholarship and could not afford tuition. SparkNotes PLUS From the investigated material was defined that: A translation difficulty is a problem that could be met in the process of translation because a translation is the same text in a different language. From History to Procedures, Zainurrahman 2009; Breit, Harvey. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. In much the same way arguments and explanations may be confused with each other, so too may explanations and justifications. Besides, a short, compared with the noun predicate can not bear the emphatic sense of a large group of nouns. creating and saving your own notes as you read. What did Holden write Stradlater's composition about? I need at least one quote for support. As Phoebe points out, Holden has misheard the lyric. Modernists shared a common purpose. CLXXXVIII, No. Some have argued that Salinger's tale of the human condition is fascinating and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. An opaque expression may be easier to translate than a transparent one. Translation of these words depends on the context, which helps to identify their concrete meaning. It should be mention that this research work represents a great theoretical value for those willing to take up their future carrier in the field of translations as invaluable reference to the methods and the ways of translation of literary masterpieces. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. It troubles him that he has changed each time he returns, while the museum's displays remain completely the same. Holden can think about and judge the Eskimo in the display case, but the Eskimo will never judge him back. This leads to the interpretation that using the same linguistic pattern denotes a more faithful translation. Stradlater's composition is supposed to be about a room in a house that can be described. He wrote about Allie'e baseball mitt. The well-known representatives of this period are Ernest Hemingway with his writings The Sun Also Rise and A Farewell to Arms.. The conclusion is that although such cases of suppression or censure of the ST are not desirable or should never happen, in reality they do exist (and this chapter has offered some examples in point), but the fact that more and more people take interest in such situations may indicate that they may stop occurring in the future. Loneliness is the emotional manifestation of the alienation Holden experiences; it is both a source of great pain and a source of his security. Ill just tell you about this madman stuff that happened to me around last Christmas before I got pretty run-down and had to come out here and take it easy. Besides, Im not going to tell you my whole goddam autobiography or anything. So his main characters (who have a lot of obstacles) learn about happiness. The best one in it was The Secret Goldfish. It may have various kinds of lexical meanings (lexical-semantic) variants; it may widen or narrow its meaning and make it more abstract and concrete. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. He and his friend Mal Brossard decide to take a bus into Agerstown to see a moviethough Holden hates moviesand Holden convinces Mal to let Ackley go with them. Get expert help in mere http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/catcher/facts.html; http://www.scribd.com/doc/9711270/the-Catcher-in-the-Rye-1945-De-Veghe-in-Lanul-de-Secara-Jdsalinger. Holden has already demonstrated that he fears and does not know how to deal with conflict, confusion, and change. Stylistic device that was used in the novel The Cather in the Ray written by J. D. Salinger is peculiar use of set expression which was used in the form of quotations the quotation could be easily identify in some chapters of the novel. It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. Salinger also shows his symbolism from other works through the work of Mark Twain. Distinguishing between general vocabulary and specialized terms. They talk, argue, and then reconcile, and Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life. a. Holden tore the composition he had written for Stradlater because he was supposed to write about a room or a house instead he had written it about his brothers left handed baseball mitt. J.D. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. The first problem is related to reading and comprehension ability in the source language. The real thing, with the curtain of language somehow made transparent. The researched material showed all the types of translation difficulties used in the work The Catcher in the Ray by the author. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. This is the main cause of the prohibition of this novel in some schools; but in the other side, there are a big number of schools and teachers that recommend this book as an obligatory reading. The mitt reminds holden of his brother and is the only thing he can be descriptive about so it is what holden writes Stradlater's report on it. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. Here, we see how deeply his desire for independence is connected to his feeling of alienation, to the bitterness he has for the rest of the world. He leaves abruptly, as though trying to escape the torment of his environment. "Rather than writing a description of a room or a house, Holden writes a description of his younger brother Allies baseball glove. There are different types of translation difficulties. Holdens curiosity about where the ducks go during winter shows a more genuine and youthful side to his character. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. What is a catcher in the rye and why does Holden want to be one? Translation must take into account a number of constraints, including context, the rules of grammar of the two languages, their writing conventions, and their idioms. But then, they have solutions and they can change their hard conditions for better ones. Life is a game, boy. Though it is well-known that they comprise the false-friends of translators and the mistakes in their translation are frequent. This is what Newmark calls "service translation.". Ionescus translation has also accomplished its aim by the fact that it addresses young people and it uses 80-90% of their typical language, with very few exceptions (most likely limited by the social and cultural constraints of our modern society). He has a cynical, oversimplified view of other people, and a large part of his fantasy world is based on the idea that children are simple and innocent while adults are superficial and hypocritical. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? Hyperbole is a device which is sharpens the readers ability to make a logical assessment of the utterance. The Modernists constructed their works out of fragments, omitting the exposition, transitions, resolutions, and explanations used in traditional literature., Many scientists investigated J. D. Salingers novel The Catcher in the Ray expressed their points of view such as: In 1961, the critic Alfred Kazin explained that Salinger's choice of teenagers as a subject matter was one reason for his appeal to young readers, but another was "a consciousness [among youths] that he speaks for them and virtually to them, in a language that is peculiarly honest and their own, with a vision of things that capture their most secret judgments of the world." In the end, The Catcher in the Rye will continue to be a point of great public and critical debate. cite it. Type your requirements and I'll connect From these two parts in different languages could be resulted that were used different types of translation difficulties in order to give the smallest basic elements that couldnt be seen without analyzing these two parts and taking into account the main element that mast be discussed translation difficulties. for a customized plan. Anything descriptive. Ask and answer questions. Salinger had a very big number of important influences as Kafka, Flaubert, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Proust, Keats, Lorca, Rimbaud, Burns, Jane Austen or Coleridge. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. He is scared of the unknown and cannot handle things that are very complicated. Most often is the correspondence of first lexical-semantic variants of such words their primary meaning then we have various lexical-semantic variants for the course of development of these words was of different nature. The combination of the first two types of are clear pointed out to the reader in the beginning where the author used indirect speech for giving clear details about the main character and also this type is used through whole novel for giving more detail where it is necessary, the direct speech is used by the author in order to show to the reader the way of talking of the characters of the novel. As mentioned above, the language in The Catcher in the Rye contains many American slang expressions. They are eulogistic and ephemeral unless they become language metaphors by being diffused through popular speech and, later, the media. Accessed 4 Mar. When he finally gets around to writing Stradlater's composition, he only. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or . He doesn't say yes directly because he doesn't want to write it for him. They used to live near each other and hung out over the summer, Holden really liked her. This book has had a huge impact on teenagers all over the world. I didnt mind the idea so much, but I didnt feel like being lectured (J.D.Salinger:14)through this stylistic device the author wanted to point out to the reader that Holden wasnt a boy who like to read a lot of and showed the he didnt like to study. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need Modernism was distinguished by an emancipator met narrative. Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). In the wake of Modernism, and post-enlightenment, meet narratives tended to be emancipator, whereas beforehand this was not a consistent characteristic. Absence of some corresponding word or lexical-semantic variant in both languages is also one of the reasons of applying additional words in translation. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Sometimes it can end up there. with free plagiarism report. [5:p.66-67]. The Romanian version faithfully and accurately kept and rendered Salingers use of intonational stress and italicized words, which represents an important case of gain. It is, of course related to the development of a given languages and formation of its lexical system. Modernism as a literary movement is seen, in large part, as a reaction to the emergence of city life as a central force in society. Happiness is the very substance which all of these characters are striving for in Salingers works. At this work, Salinger uses the technique of the interior monologue; this procedure reinforces the little stream of consciousness of Holden (we can appreciate his way of thinking). The second reason, causing lexical difficulties to translation is the difference in the semantic volume of a word. This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. burlesque examples in catcher in the rye burlesque examples in catcher in the rye However, our English teacher was a belligerent person who claimed to know the 'mind of the writer' and claimed to have know him .
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